4.75 inches long. The Bank Swallow is the smallest swallow. It has dark brown upperparts and white underparts. There is a dark breast band that contrasts well with the white breast and white throat. A white band extends a little more than half way around the neck. The rump and back are paler than the wings and tail. The tail is slightly notched. Like all swallows the Bank Swallow has long, pointed wings.
The Bank Swallow is an uncommon breeding bird that arrives by mid April and leaves by early October. It is best seen while foraging along the Missouri River.
The Bank Swallow nests in cavities near water. Its scientific name Riparia is well suited since it commonly nests along riparian (streamside) banks. In Europe it is called the Sand Martin. The nests are built in cavities that are subject to erosion and therefore the birds may have to change nest sites every year due to the erosion of the previous site. It is a highly social and nests in colonies of 10 up to almost 2000.
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