BLUE LETTUCE

BLUE LETTUCE

Lactuca oblongifolia
SUNFLOWER FAMILY (Asteraceae)

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This native, erect perennial grows from 1-3 feet tall. The smooth stems and alternate leaves contain a white, milky juice. Unstalked basal leaves, up to 5 inches long and 1 inch wide, are usually deeply divided into a few widely spaced pointed lobes. The upper leaves are smaller, less divided or often smooth edged. From 20-50 flower heads occur in an open, branching cluster (panicle) at the top of the plant (A). Each is 1 inch wide and contains from 19-21 light blue, strap-shaped ray florets with white anthers and two conspicuous, deep blue, coiled or curving style branches (B,C). Clusters of seeds, each bearing a tuft of hairs, produce a conspicuous, fuzzy, white seed head (D). Fresh flowers and mature seed heads are often present at the same time. Blue Lettuce is shorter (1-3 feet tall), has smaller, less deeply divided or undivided upper leaves, and blue flowers twice as large as Florida Lettuce (Lactuca floridana), a similar but more robust (6-8 feet tall) local species. Wild Lettuce (Lactuca canadensis) and Prickly Lettuce (Lactuca serriola) have yellow flowers.

Grows in moist prairies and open areas, flowering from June through August. At Neale Woods, locally common in Jonas Prairie, on upper Gifford Trail and in the wetland planting in Jonas Valley.

Lactuca, derived from an ancient Greek word for milk, refers to the milky juice found in plants of this genus.

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