This annual grows up to 1-2 feet tall, either branched or unbranched. It is armed with dense prickles on stems, leaves and fruits (A). The bright yellow flowers are 1 inch or somewhat larger in diameter, and also prickly on the undersides (B,C). A closer look reveals 5 fused petals with 5 stamens and a single curved style. The upper 4 stamens are yellow, somewhat resembling a small banana, but the lower one is larger with a curved reddish tip (C,D). The large leaves are deeply cut with wavy margins (B). The fruit is enclosed in a very prickly calyx (A).
Found in recently disturbed areas, waste ground and roadsides, flowering from July through October. This plant is quite uncommon at both Fontenelle Forest and Neale Woods appearing sporadically in areas where the soil has been disturbed.
This plant was collected by Edwin James of the Long Expedition in June 1820 in Dawson County. He observed it was common on the Platte particularly in prairie dog towns. It is believed to be one of the original plant hosts of the Colorado Potato Beetle which expanded its range with the arrival of the potato.
The content of NatureSearch is provided by dedicated volunteer Naturalists of Fontenelle Forest who strive to provide the most accurate information available. Contributors of the images retain their copyrights. The point of contact for this page is: Roland Barth.