The Variable Oakleaf Caterpillar Moth has a wingspan from 1.50 to 2 inches. The forewing is dusty gray with a dark, smudgy gray patch in the median area. The scalloped double antemedial lines are often filled with pale scales. The reniform spot is usually white with a thin, black crescent in the center. The hindwing is brownish gray in the subterminal area and gray in the remainder of the wing. The caterpillar, true to the name, is highly variable in color and patterning. It is usually pale green, but can have red saddle-shaped markings or can be entirely red. There is a bold white stripe over the eye outlined with a black line above. It grows to 1.75 inches. The caterpillars may be difficult to distinguish from Double-lined Prominent caterpillars.